Installed in the front and in the back of each mill and located within 2 inches of a vertical plane tangent to the front and rear rolls. (i) Projecting shaft ends shall present a smooth edge and end and shall not project more than one-half the diameter of the shaft unless guarded by nonrotating caps or safety sleeves. (m) Standard guards - general requirements -. 1910.440 Recordkeeping requirements. (g) Enclosing the point of operation before a press stroke can be initiated, so as to prevent an operator from reaching into the point of operation prior to die closure or prior to cessation of slide motion during the downward stroke. Guards. (45) Point of operation means the area of the press where material is actually positioned and work is being performed during any process such as shearing, punching, forming, or assembling. Any person or organization considering itself capable of conducting a PSDI-related third-party validation function may apply for OSHA recognition. Page 1 of 4 | Conveyor Hazards Safety Factsheet: Hazards of Conveyors Conveyors are used to transport materials . (2) Vertical and inclined belts (paragraphs (e) (3) and (4) of this section) if not more than two and one-half (212) inches wide and running at a speed of less than one thousand (1,000) feet per minute, and if free from metal lacings or fastenings may be guarded with a nip-point belt and pulley guard. This is in addition to the report of injury required by paragraph (g) of this section; however, a copy of that report may be used for this purpose. PART 1910 - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Source: 39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, unless otherwise noted. In engine rooms a guardrail, preferably with toeboard, may be used instead of the guard required by paragraph (k)(1) of this section, provided such a room is occupied only by engine room attendants. (8) Die handling. An upper and a lower die make a complete set. (b) Where passage is regarded as necessary, there shall be a platform over the lower run guarded on either side by a railing completely filled in with wire mesh or other filler, or by a solid barrier. It would normally be preferable to limit the adjustment of the time required in paragraph (h)(6)(vi) to a maximum of 15 seconds. (ii) Maximum hole size for cutting-off wheels should not be larger than 14-wheel diameter. A means of air lubrication shall be provided when needed. Type 11 wheels are subject to all limitations of use and mounting listed for type 6 straight sided cup wheels definition. 1910.1096 Ionizing radiation. If you would like to comment on the current content, please use the 'Content Feedback' button below for instructions on contacting the issuing agency. The recognition of each validation organization will be valid for five years, unless terminated before or renewed after the expiration of the period. When mounting wheels which have not been cemented together, or ones which do not utilize separating spacers, care must be exercised to use wheels specially manufactured for that purpose. (i) Presses with flexible steel band brakes or with mechanical linkage actuated brakes or clutches shall not be used in the PSDI mode. 1910.180 Crawler locomotive and truck cranes. 1910.4 Amendments to this part. 1. The spreader shall be made of hard tempered steel, or its equivalent, and shall be thinner than the saw kerf. (2) Hydraulic forging presses. 1910.12 Construction work. (B) The air supply for pneumatic clutch/brake control valves shall incorporate a filter, an air regulator, and, when necessary for proper operation, a lubricator. (22) Die setting means the process of placing or removing dies in or from a mechanical power press, and the process of adjusting the dies, other tooling and safeguarding means to cause them to function properly and safely. With an enclosure of sheet, perforated, or expanded metal, or woven wire; With guard rails placed not less than fifteen (15) inches nor more than twenty (20) inches from rim. (5) Power-driven guillotine veneer cutters, except continuous feed trimmers, shall be equipped with: (i) Starting devices which require the simultaneous action of both hands to start the cutting motion and of at least one hand on a control during the complete stroke of the knife; or. Workplace Violence. formatting. 1910.169 Air receivers. (ii) Straight flanges of the adaptor or sleeve type (Table O-7 and Figures O-33 and O-34) shall be undercut so that there will be no bearing on the sides of the wheel within one-eighth inch of the arbor hole. (2) Each circular resaw (other than self-feed saws with a roller or wheel at back of the saw) shall be provided with a spreader fastened securely behind the saw. The total system design shall be certified by the manufacturer as complying with all requirements in 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. (7) Power-driven guillotine veneer cutters, other than continuous trimmers, shall be provided, in addition to the brake or other stopping mechanism, with an emergency device which will prevent the machine from operating in the event of failure of the brake when the starting mechanism is in the nonstarting position. However, the guarding of these gears is highly recommended. (1) Inspection and maintenance records. Table O-1 - Minimum Basic Thickness for Peripheral and Side Members for Safety Guards Used With Cutting-Off Wheels, Table O-3 - Guide for Construction of Band Type Guards, Table O-5 - Minimum Dimensions for Straight Adaptor Flange - for Organic Bonded Wheels Over 114 Inches Thick1. The third-party validation organization, the validating laboratory, and the employees of each shall meet the requirements set forth in this section of this appendix. The provisions of paragraph (h) of this section shall apply to boltheading. Standards covering issues of occupational safety and health which have general application without regard to any specific industry are incorporated by reference in paragraphs (b) through (m) of this section and in subparagraphs (3) and (4) of this paragraph and made applicable under this section. Higher pressures may be permitted, however, to increase clutch torque to free jammed dies, provided positive measures are provided to prevent the higher pressure at other times. (5) Excluded machines. A report shall be made of each field inspection. (4) Pulley speeds. The adjustment shall be done under the supervision of an authorized person whose qualifications include knowledge of safety distance requirements and experience with the brake system and its adjustment. 1910.21 Scope and definitions. Agree to terms and conditions established by OSHA in the grant of recognition on matters such as exchange of data, submission of accident reports, and assistance in studies for improving PSDI or the certification/validation process. (3) Cylinder draining. Conveyors are a wonderful invention and conveyor safety is important. However, the guarding of these gears is highly recommended. 1. (32) Guard means a barrier that prevents entry of the operator's hands or fingers into the point of operation. Air controlling equipment shall be protected against foreign material and water entering the pneumatic system of the press. (1) General requirements. 1910.334 Use of equipment. Overhead horizontal belts, with lower parts seven (7) feet or less from the floor or platform, shall be guarded on sides and bottom in accordance with paragraph (o)(3) of this section. (2) Foot operated devices. 1910.135 Head protection. (i) The employer shall establish a diesetting procedure that will insure compliance with paragraph (c) of this section. The adjustment shall not be made with the wheel in motion. The upper run shall be so guarded as to prevent contact therewith either by the worker or by objects carried by him. The certification record shall be made available upon request to the Assistant Secretary for Occupational Safety and Health. 1910.333 Selection and use of work practices. Surface Feet per minute .262 24 1,000 = 6,288 s.f.p.m. (1) Guards. The clearance between the edge of the rear table and the cutter head shall be not more than one-eighth inch. fOSHA Conveyor Standards (v) All clutch/brake control electrical circuits shall be protected against the possibility of an accidental ground in the control circuit causing false operation of the press. 29 CFR 1910 Subpart O - Machinery and Machine Guarding - 1910.212 General Requirements for All Machines 29 CFR 1926 Subpart N - Helicopters, Hoists, Elevators, and Conveyors - 1926.555 Conveyors U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration Publication, "Safeguarding Equipment and Protecting Employees from Amputations", OSHA 3170-02R, 2007 If a stairway accesses the catwalk, the width requirements depend on the width of the stairway that serves it. 1910.1005 [Reserved] The Assistant Secretary, or a special designee for this purpose, will make a preliminary decision whether the applicant has met the requirements for recognition based on the completed application file and the written staff recommendation, as well as the statement of reasons by the applicant if there is a recommendation of disapproval. (ii) The employer shall certify that employees have been trained by preparing a certification record which includes the identity of the person trained, the signature of the employer or the person who conducted the training, and the date the training was completed. The provisions of paragraph (h) of this section shall apply to rivet making. The Type 27 A Wheel is mounted between flat non-relieved flanges of equal bearing surfaces. (vii) Means used to actuate press stroke (foot trip, foot control, hand trip, hand control, or other). Minimum object sensitivity describes the largest acceptable size of the interruption in the sensing field. Appendix to Subpart E of Part 1910Exit Routes, Emergency Action Plans, and Fire Prevention Plans, Subpart FPowered Platforms, Manlifts, and Vehicle-Mounted Work Platforms. 39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, unless otherwise noted. 1910.216 Mills and calenders in the rubber and plastics industries. Conveyor power transmission equipment shall be guarded in accordance with ANSI B20.1-1957, Safety Code for Conveyors, Cableways, and Related Equipment, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6. (4) of this appendix. (3) Sprockets and chains. Such attachments shall be securely anchored and adjusted in such a way that the operator is restrained from reaching into the point of operation. The upper-wheel guard shall be made to conform to the travel of the saw on the wheel. (ii) Scheduling and recording the inspection of guards and point of operation protection devices at frequent and regular intervals. (v) A covered container shall be provided to store dross skimmings. (h) Modified types 6 and 11 wheels (terrazzo). Structural steel (min. The angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides for safety guards used on machines known as bench and floor stands should not exceed 90 or one-fourth of the periphery. tensile strength 20,000 p.s.i.) Use of a brake monitor does not eliminate the need for periodic brake inspection and maintenance to reduce the possibility of catastrophic failures. (i) Unless the distance to the nearest fixed pulley, clutch, or hanger exceeds the width of the belt used, a guide shall be provided to prevent the belt from leaving the pulley on the side where insufficient clearance exists. 12-71 (36 FR 8754), 8-76 (41 FR 25059), 9-83 (48 FR 35736), 1-90 (55 FR 9033), 5-2002 (67 FR 65008), or 1-2012 (77 FR 3912), as applicable; 20 CFR part 1911. The removal of a hand from any control button shall cause the slide to stop. (4) Work rests. (1) Machine guarding. An employer who assembles a PSDI safety system would be a manufacturer as well as employer for purposes of this standard and appendix. (1) Gears. d. Tests designed by the manufacturer shall be made available upon request to the validation organization. (1) Keys. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. In engine rooms a guardrail, preferably with toeboard, may be used instead of the guard required by paragraph (k)(1) of this section, provided such a room is occupied only by engine room attendants. 1910.1010 Benzidine. (3) Each tenoning machine shall have all cutting heads, and saws if used, covered by metal guards. (1) Determination of distance of travel. Appendix A to Subpart I of Part 1910References for Further Information (Non-mandatory) In overhead silent chain-drive guards where the chain is held from lateral displacement on the sprockets, the side clearances required on drives of twenty (20) inch centers or under shall be not less than one-fourth inch from the nearest moving chain part, and on drives of over twenty (20) inch centers a minimum of one-half inch from the nearest moving chain part. By a band guard covering the face of gear and having flanges extended inward beyond the root of the teeth on the exposed side or sides. (3) Belt pole (sometimes called a belt shipper or shipper pole,) means a device used in shifting belts on and off fixed pulleys on line or countershaft where there are no loose pulleys. (v) Two-hand controls for single stroke shall conform to the following requirements: (a) Each hand control shall be protected against unintended operation and arranged by design, construction, and/or separation so that the concurrent use of both hands is required to trip the press. (2) Couplings. Minimum requirements. (i) Machines using full revolution clutches shall incorporate a single-stroke mechanism. (See Figures O-18, O-19, O-20, O-21, O-22, and O-23.). (31) Foot pedal means the foot operated lever designed to operate the mechanical linkage that trips a full revolution clutch. (i) The pedal mechanism shall be protected to prevent unintended operation from falling or moving objects or by accidental stepping onto the pedal. Lubrication. (f) It shall offer maximum visibility of the point of operation consistent with the other requirements. 1910.1000 Air contaminants. The safety trip control shall be one of the following types or a combination thereof: (i) Pressure-sensitive body bars. Steam or air piping shall conform to the specifications of American National Standard ANSI B31.1.0-1967, Power Piping with Addenda issued before April 28, 1971, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6. (9) Prime movers include steam, gas, oil, and air engines, motors, steam and hydraulic turbines, and other equipment used as a source of power. The validation organization or validating laboratory shall have a follow-up system for inspecting or testing manufacturer's production of design certified/validated PSDI safety system components and subassemblies where deemed appropriate by the validation organization. (ii) Type 1 cutting-off wheels are to be mounted between properly relieved flanges which have matching bearing surfaces. These safety training PowerPoints cover the items specified by OSHA standards. Belt perches. 3 Slenderness ratio formula for short columns is L/d = 11, where L = length of timber in inches and d = least dimension in inches; this ratio should not exceed 11. Abrasive wheel machinery guards shall meet the design specifications of the American National Standard Safety Code for the Use, Care, and Protection of Abrasive Wheels, ANSI B7.1-1970, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6. 1910.24 Step bolts and manhole steps. 2. All manually operated valves and switches shall be clearly identified and readily accessible. Appendix C to Subpart L of Part 1910Fire Protection References For Further Information (iv) Prevents the initiation of a stroke, or stops of stroke in progress, when there is an intrusion through the sensing field by any part of the operator's body or by any other object. 1910.264 Laundry machinery and operations. Pulleys serving as balance wheels (e.g., punch presses) on which the point of contact between belt and pulley is more than six feet six inches (6 ft. 6 in.) (C) Maintain a certification record of each maintenance task performed under the directed component of the inspection program that includes the date of the maintenance task, the signature of the person who performed the maintenance task, and the serial number, or other identifier, of the power press maintained. user convenience only and is not intended to alter agency intent 1910.216 Mills and calenders in the rubber and plastics industries. (1) The cutting heads of each wood shaper, hand-fed panel raiser, or other similar machine not automatically fed, shall be enclosed with a cage or adjustable guard so designed as to keep the operator's hand away from the cutting edge. All mechanical power transmission apparatus located in basements, towers, and rooms used exclusively for power transmission equipment shall be guarded in accordance with this section, except that the requirements for safeguarding belts, pulleys, and shafting need not be complied with when the following requirements are met: The intensity of illumination conforms to the requirements of ANSI A11.1-1965 (R-1970), which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6. The certification/validation of safety systems for PSDI shall consider the press, controls, safeguards, operator, and environment as an integrated system which shall comply with all of the requirements in 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. (x) All components and subsystems of the control system shall be designed to operate together to provide total control system compliance with the requirements of this section. Publication. (j) Modified Types 6 and 11 wheel (terrazzo) - blotters applied flat side of wheel only. (ix) A scale guard of substantial construction shall be provided at the back of every press, so arranged as to stop flying scale. guide. 1910.266 Logging operations. from the floor or platform may be guarded with a disk covering the spokes. Engine rooms. 1910.218 Forging machines. (5) Full revolution clutch means a type of clutch that, when tripped, cannot be disengaged until the crankshaft has completed a full revolution and the press slide a full stroke. (D) A check shall be made to assure that the barriers and/or supplemental presence sensing devices required by paragraph (h)(9)(ix) of this section are operating properly. Power-transmission apparatus located in basements. It is the intent of paragraph (h)(7) that control components be provided with inherent design protection against operating stresses and environmental factors affecting safety and reliability. The mark or logo shall be suitable for incorporation into the label required by paragraph (h)(11)(iii) of this section. (65) Validation or validate means for PSDI safety systems that an OSHA recognized third-party validation organization: (i) For design certification/validation has reviewed the manufacturer's certification that the PSDI safety system meets the requirements of 1910.217 (a) through (h) and appendix A and the underlying tests and analyses performed by the manufacturer, has performed additional tests and analyses which may be required by 1910.217 (a) through (h) and appendix A, and concludes that the requirements of 1910.217 (a) through (h) and appendix A have been met; and. This is known as the Ring Test. Design Safety Standards for Electrical Systems, 1910.302 Electric utilization systems. Cranks and connecting rods, when exposed to contact, shall be guarded in accordance with paragraphs (m) and (n) of this section, or by a guardrail as described in paragraph (o)(5) of this section. (xvii) Controls with internally stored programs (e.g., mechanical, electro-mechanical, or electronic) shall meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(13) of this section, and shall default to a predetermined safe condition in the event of any single failure within the system. (iv) Mechanical power presses with a configuration which would allow a person to enter, pass through, and become clear of the sensing field into the hazardous portion of the press shall not be used in the PSDI mode of operation. 4. Compliance with 1910.217(h)(9)(iv). Where guard is exposed to contact with moving equipment additional strength may be necessary. 1910.94 Ventilation. 1910.138 Hand protection. (ii) Be installed on a press such that it indicates when the performance of the braking system has deteriorated to the extent described in paragraph (b)(14)(i) of this section; and. Where loose pulleys or idlers are not practicable, belt perches in form of brackets, rollers, etc., shall be used to keep idle belts away from the shafts. (4) Guards for horizontal overhead rope and chain drives. (3) For the Textile Industry, because of the presence of excessive deposits of lint, which constitute a serious fire hazard, the sides and face sections only of nip-point belt and pulley guards are required, provided the guard shall extend at least six (6) inches beyond the rim of the pulley on the in-running and off-running sides of the belt and at least two (2) inches away from the rim and face of the pulley in all other directions. Integrated test of the press fully equipped to operate in the PSDI mode shall be conducted to establish the total system reaction time. (c) Abrasive discs (inserted nut, inserted washer and projecting stud type). A die shoe functions primarily as a base for the complete die assembly, and, when used, is bolted or clamped to the bolster plate or the face of slide. (1) Each circular crosscut table saw shall be guarded by a hood which shall meet all the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of this section for hoods for circular ripsaws. The approval of brake monitor adjustments, as required in paragraph (h)(5)(ii), is not considered a recertification, and does not necessarily involve an on-site inspection by a representative of the validation organization. These tests shall specify the acceptable tolerance band sufficient to assure that tolerance build-up will not render the safety distance unsafe. The official, published CFR, is updated annually and available below under 1910.2 Definitions. In overhead silent chain-drive guards where the chain is held from lateral displacement on the sprockets, the side clearances required on drives of twenty (20) inch centers or under shall be not less than one-fourth inch from the nearest moving chain part, and on drives of over twenty (20) inch centers a minimum of one-half inch from the nearest moving chain part. (iii) A label shall be affixed to the press as part of each installation certification/validation and the most recent recertification/revalidation. (ii) Two-hand trip systems on full revolution clutch machines shall incorporate an antirepeat feature. Shafting shall be kept in alignment, free from rust and excess oil or grease. (1) General requirements. (1) Billet shears. Flexible steel band brakes do not possess a long-term reliability against structural failure as compared to other types of brakes, and therefore are not acceptable on presses used in the PSDI mode of operation. (d) Each pull-out device in use shall be visually inspected and checked for proper adjustment at the start of each operator shift, following a new die set-up, and when operators are changed. 5. (8) Surface feet per minute (s.f.p.m.) Reactivation of the clutch shall require restoration of normal air supply and use of the tripping mechanism(s). (iv) There are three general types of flanges: (a) Straight relieved flanges (see Figure O-32); (b) Straight unrelieved flanges (see Figure O-30); (c) Adaptor flanges (see Figures O-33 and O-34); (v) Regardless of flange type used, the wheel shall always be guarded. The board enclosure shall be securely fastened to the hammer. Conduct or recertification/revalidation. 11. Where the work is applied to the wheel above the horizontal centerline, the exposure of the grinding wheel periphery shall be as small as possible and shall not exceed 60. A recognized validation organization may renew its recognition by filing a renewal request at the address in paragraph I.A.3. (41) Knockout means a mechanism for releasing material from either die. Where guard is exposed to contact with moving equipment, additional strength may be necessary. (xi) Where there is more than one operator of a press used for PSDI, each operator shall be protected by a separate, independently functioning, presence sensing device. 1910.420 Safe practices manual. (i) Under the general component of the inspection program, the employer shall: (A) Conduct periodic and regular inspections of each power press to ensure that all of its parts, auxiliary equipment, and safeguards, including the clutch/brake mechanism, antirepeat feature, and single-stroke mechanism, are in a safe operating condition and adjustment; (B) Perform and complete necessary maintenance or repair, or both, before operating the press; and. (8) Concurrent means acting in conjunction, and is used to describe a situation wherein two or more controls exist in an operated condition at the same time. of this appendix, subject to the possible reinspection exception. Machinery shall be oiled when not in motion, wherever possible. (20) Die set means a tool holder held in alignment by guide posts and bushings and consisting of a lower shoe, an upper shoe or punch holder, and guide posts and bushings. 1910.125 Additional requirements for dipping and coating operations that use flammable liquids or liquids with flashpoints greater than 199.4 F (93 C). (7) Lubrication. (15) Pull-out device means a mechanism attached to the operator's hands and connected to the upper die or slide of the press, that is designed, when properly adjusted, to withdraw the operator's hands as the dies close, if the operator's hands are inadvertently within the point of operation.